This article examines the evolution and current challenges of de minimis thresholds worldwide, particularly in the context of rapid e-commerce growth. Originally designed as

administrative tools to exempt low-value shipments from customs duties and procedures, these thresholds now face unprecedented pressure resulting from the expansion [...]

The liberalization trend that dominated global trade since the 1990s has gradually given way to a renewed wave of protectionism, with trade remedies becoming increasingly prominent

instruments in international trade. Türkiye is one of the most active users of anti-dumping measures globally, however, the judicial review of such measures remains [...]

This paper traces the trajectory of digitalization and innovation reforms undertaken by Pakistan Customs to facilitate cross-border trade, with special focus on Faceless Customs

Assessment (FCA), the latest initiative of the Government of Pakistan under the Prime Minister’s Transformational Plan for FBR. [...]

The wave of cases emerging from the sanctions and counter-sanctions imposed in the wake of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 is likely to bring back into the

spotlight the longstanding issue of the jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals over claims for expropriation arising out of ISDS provisions that restrict access to arbitration [...]

The Russia-Ukraine conflict has triggered an unprecedented wave of unilateral sanctions by Ukraine and its allies, significantly impacting businesses run by investors that

are directly or indirectly affected by these measures. In response, investors are turning to international investment agreements (IIAs) to seek compensation for losses. [...]

This article examines the interplay between economic sanctions and the fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard under international investment agreements (IIAs). Sanctions,

whether unilateral or multilateral, can disrupt the stability and predictability expected by foreign investors, raising claims of FET breaches. [...]

This paper examines the legal permissibility of a state using the doctrine of countermeasures as a defence against liability for destruction of foreign investor assets through

the imposition of sanctions. Part I briefly surveys the origins and history of countermeasures, particularly in light of Articles for the Responsibility of States [...]

A number of high-profile arbitration proceedings have been initiated, challenging the legality of sanctions under international investment law. These include Mikhail Fridman’s

USD fifteen billion claim against Luxembourg for the implementation against him of the sanctions regime adopted by the EU in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [...]

The recognition and enforcement stage may be the clearest example of interaction between international arbitration and economic sanctions. From a legal perspective, economic

sanctions may lead to a domestic court’s refusal to recognize an award, most notably on the grounds of international public policy or, even, lack of jurisdiction. [...]